Amashanyarazi
Ibisobanuro
Safiro (Al2O3) kristu imwe ni ibikoresho byiza cyane.Ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, itwara ubushyuhe bwiza, ubukana bwinshi, kwanduza infragre hamwe n’imiti ihamye.Irakoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi byinganda, kurinda igihugu nubushakashatsi bwa siyanse (nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa infragre idirishya).Mugihe kimwe, nubundi bwoko bwakoreshejwe cyane kristal substrate ibikoresho.Nibintu byambere byahisemo substrate muri iki gihe cyubururu, violet, diode itanga urumuri rwera (LED) hamwe nubururu bwa laser (LD) inganda (gallium nitride film igomba kuba epitaxial kuri substrate ya safiro mbere), kandi nayo ningirakamaro cyane film substrate.Usibye Y-sisitemu, La sisitemu hamwe nandi mafirime yubushyuhe bwo hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukuza firime nshya zifatika za MgB2 (magnesium diboride) zidasanzwe (mubisanzwe insimburangingo imwe ya kristu izangirika mumiti mugihe cyo guhimba MgB2 firime).
Ibyiza
| Ikirahure | > 99,99% |
| Gushonga Ingingo （℃） | 2040 |
| Ubucucike （g / cm3） | 3.98 |
| Gukomera (Mho) | 9 |
| Kwagura Ubushyuhe | 7.5 (x10-6/oC) |
| Ubushyuhe bwihariye | 0.10 (inyana /oC) |
| Amashanyarazi | 46.06 @ 0oC 25.12 @ 100oC, 12.56 @ 400oC (W / (mK)) |
| Umuyoboro uhoraho | ~ 9.4 @ 300K kuri A axis ~ 11.58 @ 300K kuri C axis |
| Gutakaza Tangent kuri 10 GHz | <2x10-5Kuri A axis, <5 x10-5Kuri C axis |
Ubusobanuro bwa safiro
Amabuye y'agaciro ya safiro yerekeza ku kintu kibonerana cya kirisiti ikozwe mu kirere kimwe cya kirisiti ya aluminium (Al2O3).Ijambo "safiro" rikoreshwa kenshi mugusobanura ubwoko bwa corundum amabuye y'agaciro, ubusanzwe afite ibara ry'ubururu.Nyamara, kubijyanye na substrate, safiro bivuga ibihimbano byakuze, bidafite ibara, byera-byera cyane byifashishwa mubikorwa bitandukanye.Dore ingingo zimwe zingenzi zijyanye na safiro:
1. Imiterere ya Crystal: Safiro ifite imiterere ya kirisiti ya mpandeshatu aho atome ya aluminium na atome ya ogisijeni itunganijwe inshuro nyinshi.Nibya sisitemu ya trigonal sisitemu.
2. Gukomera cyane: Safiro nikimwe mubikoresho bigoye bizwi, hamwe na Mohs igoye ya 9. Ibi bituma ishushanya cyane kandi ikarwanya abrasion, ikagira uruhare mu kuramba no kuramba mubisabwa.
3. Gukwirakwiza urumuri: safiro ifite itara ryiza cyane, cyane cyane mubice bigaragara kandi hafi-ya-infragre.Irashobora kohereza urumuri kuva kuri nm 180 kugeza kuri 5500 nm, bigatuma rukwiranye nurwego runini rwa optique na optoelectronic progaramu.
4. Ibikoresho byubushyuhe nubukanishi: safiro ifite imiterere myiza yubushyuhe nubukanishi, ahantu ho gushonga cyane, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe buke, hamwe nubushuhe buhebuje.Irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, guhangayikishwa nubukanishi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gusiganwa ku magare, bigatuma bikwiranye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zikoreshwa.
5. Ihungabana ryimiti: safiro ifite imiti ihamye kandi irashobora kurwanya aside nyinshi, alkalis hamwe nudukoko twangiza.Iyi mikorere iremeza kuramba no kwizerwa mubidukikije bitandukanye.
6. Ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi: safiro ni insuliranteri nziza cyane, ifasha porogaramu zisaba kwigunga cyangwa kubika amashanyarazi.
7. Gushyira mu bikorwa: Substrate substrate ikoreshwa cyane muri optoelectronics, semiconductor, diode itanga urumuri, diode ya laser, windows optique, kureba kristu nubushakashatsi bwa siyanse.
Amabuye y'agaciro ya safiro ahabwa agaciro gakomeye kubwo guhuza ibintu bya optique, ubukanishi, ubushyuhe na chimique.Ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi bituma bikenerwa gusaba ibisabwa biramba, birasobanutse neza, amashanyarazi kandi birwanya ibidukikije.
